I’ve mentioned Robert Cooper’s book “Get Out of Your Own Way” a few times in my recent blog entries.  I love the title of chapter 13: “Constructive Discontent Drives Growth”.  I don’t think any other chapter title could describe my life so well.  “Constructive discontent” means that you’re not satisfied to simply repeat past successes; instead, you seek out new ways, new paths.  Before I start to sound like a fluffed up motivational speaker, let me pull some real examples from my life.

Twelve years ago I worked for an ad specialty company – as their courier.  The owner found out I had a knack for navigating Adobe Illustrator to create image files for our embroiderers.  (Bear in mind I have zero graphic design talent – this was simple image editing!)  My good friends, Kyle Chowning and Shawn Stewart, were both involved with the burgeoning web/graphic design industry – and, though I wanted to learn about their world, I ruled it out, thinking I was simply too far behind to ever catch up.   But the healthy level of discontent that is constantly with me would not let me settle down into ‘easy’ paths and stick to job skills I knew.  I borrowed an HTML 4.0 book from Kyle, and after a couple of meetings to discuss web development, I dove into learning everything I could.  At my next job, working as a PC repair technician and logistics coordinator, I was quickly frustrated with rampant inefficiencies in data entry & research.  I created a department website internally to help me (and other co-workers) automate tasks and more quickly find answers to common questions.  While I was thankful for the success I’d had, I soon realized that the site needed more capabilities – but to deliver on new features I had to leave my fledging pursuit of web design to learn about web application development.  Each new door opened up more doors of information and exposure.  Within a year, I was developing database-backed applications using Cold Fusion.  Since that time I have consumed 40-50 technical books easily, accumulating far more hours learning about software development than I spent earning my bachelor’s degree.

Constructive discontent helped spur me on in the face of “you’re too far behind, you’ll never catch up to guys who’ve been doing this for years.”  Constructive discontent enabled me – a music major – to lead a team of 7 developers, nearly all who had degrees in Computer Science, a mere 5 years after I switched careers to software development.  Constructive discontent also helped make it clear when it was time to let go of the comfortable leadership position I had, leave working from home for 5 years, and go join a local software team with talent and leadership far exceeding my own.

A healthy discontent helps guard you against complacency and apathy.  It helps you cultivate the habit of asking “Is there a better way to do this?”  It abhors the idea of being a “big fish in a little pond”.  A constructively discontent person would rather serve on the greatest team possible than ‘rule’ in mediocrity.

Ah, but there are catches.  It is difficult to cultivate this kind of healthy discontent across a community.  As Cooper points out in his book, there are centers in the brain that thrive on routine and predictability.  Those parts of the brain will cry out loud to be heard, in an attempt to drown out the parts of you that want to take risks, try something new – take a leap of faith.  Because discontent breeds change, many people resist it.  Not all change is change for the better (pause, and consider that in light of current events!); it’s the right changes that we want to push for.  We must guard against being obsessive in our discontent, and the tempting aspects of making it blindingly personal.

My discontent is driven by a desire to learn more & to be a part of excellence.  Because of it I have learned more than I could’ve ever thought possible and formed some of the most rewarding relationships of my life.  Because of it, I never see the future as dull, but loaded with opportunities to learn more, discover more, and teach more.

Imagine soup lines stretching city blocks, spanning streets.  Americans – hungry, malnourished and without work.

Imagine the Department of Agriculture (DoA) – obviously worried about the situation – releasing information on four sample diets: a liberal, moderate,  minimum and emergency diet. 

Imagine the government announcing to the nation: “Figures show we cannot produce enough food for our population for a minimum diet, a mere subsistence.”

Now, with that “Great Depression” backdrop, consider the following:

“We had men burning oats when we were importing oats from abroad on a large scale, killing pigs while increasing our imports of lard, cutting corn production and importing 30 million bushels of corn from abroad…while Wallace [then Secretary of Agriculture] was paying out hundreds of millions to kill millions of hogs, burn oats, plow under cotton…” – historian John T. Flynn:

The DoA signed up around 1 million cotton farmers, and paid them $100 million to plow under 10 million acres of farmland.  Why?  To force up prices.  But the results were disastrous.  Economist Clifton Luttrell explained, “…a large portion of the American cotton crop was grown for export and a number of close substitutes were available.  Wool, silk, and other vegetable fibers…and a new and vigorous rival – synthetic fibers – emerged to take an increasing portion of the domestic and world fiber markets….”  The false shortage that government policies created simply drove the cotton business into the ground, and gave competitors a boost.

The government paid hog farmers to slaughter 6 million baby pigs.  California peaches were left to rot in their orchards.  Less than 1/10th was saved as food and used in relief efforts.

Why in the world did this happen?  Let’s back up a few years.  During World War I, American agriculture experienced increased demand, since European farms were devastated.  After WWI, American farms did not cut back so when the Great Depression hit, there were too many farmers cultivating too many acres.  Political support from farmers was important to FDR (and a big reason why he was elected in 1932), so he sought to enact policies that would help them.  Farmers lobbied for mortgage moratoria.  Congress authorized the DoA to restrict the output of food processors and began to tax them, giving the proceeds to farmers in return for reducing their acreage.  Were they successful in raising prices?  Yes!  However, they raised prices in the midst of deflation and millions of industrial workers being unemployed, and – ironically – the price hikes caused the farmers themselves to pay more for manufactured goods.  The aftermath ruined the small family farms – since many were unable to pay their mortgages, or make enough to live in a market the government had forced to contract.  The more acres you owned and kept out of production, the more subsidies your received from the government.  Sharecroppers were hit the hardest, while large corporate farms began to gobble up the smaller ones who could not afford to stay in business.  The very “forgotten man’” that FDR and the New Dealers claimed to be fighting for was trampled underfoot by their policies.  It’s no wonder that the Supreme Court ruled the Agricultural Adjustment Act unconstitutional in 1936.

These are wonderful examples of how well-intended ideas can wreak havoc when made into law without any consideration of their real-world impact.  Too often, government officials only assess the political impact.  A global market is a highly dynamic environment.  In order to have all the necessary knowledge to predict every possible outcome, and to know how each consumer in the market will respond, in addition to the ‘natural’ factors like drought, earthquakes, etc., one would have to be God himself to centralize control of prices, supplies and consumption and actually execute it successfully.  Yet, doesn’t it seem that our government is constantly infatuated with the idea that they can do the impossible?  The temptation to rely on technocratic solutions is a strong one, and officials often believe that they just need more of the right information to do it correctly.  An earlier post of mine explains that at some point, the brain can no longer absorb information, and attempting to do so makes it more difficult to make right decisions.  There are simply too many moles in this cosmic game of whack-a-mole for us mere mortals to presume we can beat them all down at once.

In my last post I discussed Benjamin Bloom and how Bloom’s Taxonomy can be a guide to helping us determine if we’ve truly learned something, as well as give us objectives in helping others learn concepts in such a way that they can understand, apply, analyze and improvise them.  Throughout Bloom’s career he sought to better understand what factors led to students excelling and achieving the objectives of their curriculums.   In his book “Developing Talent in Young People”, Bloom demonstrated that famous high-achieving adults were rarely considered child prodigies.  The difference “was the kind of attention and support those individuals received at home from their parents…they realized goals born of guidance rather than raw genetic capacity.  Attainment was a product of learning, and learning was influenced by opportunity and effort. It was then, and is now, a powerful and optimistic conception of the possibilities that education provides.”  In other words, Bloom argued that environment and not genetics was the biggest factor in helping a student reach their potential in learning.

The type of environment necessary for reaching full potential matters a lot.  In 1984, Bloom published an article entitled “The 2 Sigma Problem: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One Tutoring.”  In short, 3 learning environments were compared:

1. Conventional – roughly 30 students per teacher, periodic tests given.
2. Mastery Learning – roughly 30 students per teacher learn the material in a classroom setting (like above) .  However, the tests (like those in the Conventional class) are used to give feedback which is immediately followed by corrective procedures and ‘parallel formative tests’.
3. Tutoring – Usually one (sometimes 2-3) student(s) learned the material from a good tutor.  Tutoring instruction was “followed periodically by formative tests, feedback corrective procedures, and parallel formative tests”.

These studies found that the average student in the tutoring group  was two standard deviations (or 2 sigma) above the average student in the conventional group – meaning that they were above 98% of the  conventional students.  (The average student in the mastery learning group was 1 sigma above the average student in the conventional group – or above 84% of the conventional group.)

In light of these findings, Bloom wrote:

“The tutoring process demonstrates that most of the students do have the potential to reach this high level of learning.  I believe an important task of research and instruction is to seek ways of accomplishing this under more practical and realistic conditions than the one-to-one tutoring, which is too costly for most societies to bear on a large scale.  This is the ‘2 sigma’ problem.”

I had three immediate reactions to Bloom’s statement.  First, I am more determined than ever to be heavily involved in tutoring my children regardless of whether we go with a home school, private school or public school approach.  Second, what does it say about our society that even the home cannot be a “safe bet” for one-to-one tutoring?  Regardless of the reasons, I am troubled that an entire value system has been built that deems it “too costly” for us to bear.  I wonder what the general attitude and level of education in our nation would be if families didn’t assume that education was something to be outsourced to an already overburdened and complicated public school system?  Third, it struck me in the context of workplace mentoring.  How often do I make myself available to be a mentor for junior software developers?  How often am I seeking out other senior developers or managers to mentor me?

What about you?  I’d love to hear your thoughts.  Do you seek out mentors in the workplace?  Have you been a mentor?  How did that work?  What helped it happen?  What undermined it?

How do we learn?  What constitutes comprehension of a particular subject?  What about mastery and the ability to improvise?  These kinds of questions trail about behind me constantly like the wake of a high speed boat.  I love to learn, and I discover more every day about how I best acquire certain types of skills.  Early on in life, I developed ‘tricks’ to memorize facts, and even entire pages of words.  My tactics were nothing more than brute force memorization, and I quickly abandoned them as I matured and became convinced that the real test of my knowledge and comprehension lie in whether or not I could extrapolate and improvise based on prior knowledge, and not simply repeat facts.

In a recent discussion with my sister (a school teacher with her Masters in Education) on this very subject, I learned about Benjamin Bloom.  In 1956, Bloom – an educational psychologist – proposed a structure to help identify the process of learning and assist teachers in formulating objectives to help guide students through each phase of learning, and not inadvertently mire them in the early stages of the process.  This structure became known as “Bloom’s Taxonomy” (of the cognitive domain).  In short, he theorized that learning moves through the following processes:

1. Knowledge – ability to recall data from memory.
2. Comprehension – ability to construct meaning from learned data, understand & interpret the facts.
3. Application – solving new problems by using the acquired knowledge in new ways.
4. Analysis – ability to examine and break down information into parts, identify causes & find evidence to support new conclusions.
5. Synthesis – compile information together in different ways to create new patterns & solutions.
6. Evaluation – defend conclusions and make judgments on the validity of ideas or quality of work.

In the 1990’s, Lorin Anderson – a student of Blooms’, came up with a “revised” taxonomy, which can be seen on the right below:

Bloom’s Taxonomy	Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy

So – how does this apply to us in our daily lives?  Two experiences from my work as a software developer come to mind.  Several years ago, the company I worked for hired a mid-level developer for the team I ran.  This person held two degrees in IT, had a good resume and a good attitude.  However, it became apparent early on that they were simply repeating steps they had learned in school, but didn’t understand development at a conceptual level – at least not enough to improvise and create without immediate supervision.  In a different instance, the company hired a junior developer.  It’s expected in these circumstances to have a lot of close supervision, but over the first year on the job this developer didn’t progress past the basic steps of following pre-determined instructions.  In both cases, the most damaging fact was that neither truly grasped that they weren’t strong enough on concepts; they thought reproducing someone else’s steps was sufficient.

Whether I’ve been in an official leadership position or not, I’ve tried to better understand how I can help people in those positions grow past “rote-based” work ethic into what I believe is not only a higher standard of excellence and quality of work, but also a much more fulfilling career.  I admit it’s difficult for me to relate at times.  For me, the first criteria I hold myself to on whether or not I truly understand a concept is if I can create something original using that knowledge.  In one of the cases mentioned above, the developer was motivated when they moved into an even more demanding consulting job.  In the other case, the developer was motivated when their job was a stake.  Their reactions are understandable, since motivational sources are as unique as personalities.  The members of the team I am currently part of are motivated by a love for learning (as am I).  I think this pays the highest dividends both for the individual employee and the company.  Employees who love to learn are rarely ever the kind of employees who need to be closely supervised (for wasted time or productivity), and they’re very likely to truly love what they do – which results in higher morale, greater productivity and cutting edge innovation.

At the inception of this blog, I had in my mind the kinds of things I wanted to write about – life, philosophy, economics, history, government, science, religion, being a dad, relationships – maybe even fashion.  No, really, NOT fashion.  Anyone in their right mind would see some of those topics and say “Jim, stay far away from religion, government & economics!”  After all, aren’t there a million ‘political’ or ‘evangelical’ blogs out there churning out arrogant, close-minded, misguided, irrelevant or sincere-but-easily-misconstrued content?  Yes.  There ARE.  I cannot answer for them.

But I have some confessions to make.

I often hesitate to truly ‘let my hair down’ in conversation for fear of experiencing the “listener’s-eyes-just-glazed-over-because-you’re-talking-about-boring-deep-subjects” moment.  Maybe this blog is the chance I have to let your eyes glaze over without me knowing it.  I have hesitated to discuss certain aspects of my faith on my blog, not at all because of wanting to hide it, nor due to lack of understanding.  Instead, I’ve had a difficult time because, for years, I’ve felt like the outsider in evangelical Christianity.  I’m the guy who would ask the “But what about…” questions.  I’m the proverbial burnt piece of popcorn in the fluffed up culture of pop-Christianity.  I have been deeply changed as I’ve lived the Christian faith.  But I’ve begun to relate to Bono when he sang “I still haven’t found what I’m looking for…”.  I don’t think he was complaining that what God has done for us isn’t enough.  I think he was complaining about us.  If I were to take some liberty with the lyrics, I’d say “You broke the bonds, and you loosed the chains, carried the cross and all my shame, all my shame.  You know I believe it…but what the heck is up with this crowd of arrogant, anti-intellectual, hide-in-their-safe-ghetto-culture Christians?”  I haven’t found what I’m looking for, though I feel closer today than ever.  And I’m not finding it in the emergent-meets-re-hashed-social-gospel-church either.  I’ve hesitated in discussing certain aspects of my faith because of the manner in which some Christians have discussed their faith with others in my life – all to often it’s gone so horribly wrong.  The mere hint that someone might be devout in their faith evokes all kinds of ‘fundamentalist-idiot’ stereotypes – and there always seems to be a Christian who’s willing to provide another piece of anecdotal evidence for the stereotype to live on.  But I’m done worrying about stereotypes.

I confess that I want to discuss how religion, culture and government interrelate, but have hesitated to do so before because of the immediate suspicion with which I would be greeted.  “Yet another Christian who wants to cram his beliefs down the nation’s throat.”  Good grief, no.  What I want to do is plainly make the case for what I believe, see how it stacks up against the alternatives and then you decide for yourself.  I confess that I will get passionate at times, maybe even YELL.  So what, we all do that.  What I don’t want to be is another shrill voice in the same old “red vs. blue” argument.  I can promise you that will not happen.

I confess that I want to commit a portion of this blog to journal some of my observations of evangelical Christianity, but it will be uncomfortable for both of us at times.  I promise that I will endeavor to be honest, fair and humble.  I confess that I think many readers might jump to conclusions about me.

I confess that I’m the quintessential geek when it comes to history, economics, science and philosophy.  However, I love the thrill of taking what might normally be boring ideas, and turning them into something interesting for discussion.  I promise I will try to do that.  I confess that I hope you keep reading even if I drop a few boring entries in every once in a while…

A couple of weeks ago I heard a fantastic speech given by one of my favorite college professors – Reed Arvin.  Reed has had an amazing life – writing, recording and producing for many years in the Nashville music scene, teaching music and technology (which I was privileged to be one of his students) and he currently writes full time.  (You can find out more about Reed here.)  During this speech, Reed made a number of great points – only a couple of which i will cover in this post….

Where does creativity come from?  Reed believes that there are three general ‘wells’ of creativity:

• Personal creative genius
• Value (seeing a need and creating something of value to meet that need)
• The “Z” – zeitgeist.

The focus of the talk was on the 3rd well.  “Zeitgeist” is a German word that is most often translated as “the spirit of the age”, and more technically translated as “the ghost in time”.  “Don’t confuse ‘trends’ with zeitgeist”, he said.  “Trends are the ‘what’, zeitgeist is the ‘why’.”

Speaking primarily to an audience of music industry types, Reed argued that artists who worked in conjunction with the “Z” were often the most successful in breaking into the mainstream – even though their artistic quality was often far less than their peers.  He gave several examples – a poignant one being the success of hip hop artists like 50 Cent at the height of the housing market.  The “Z” at the time was that we were ALL going to get rich together.  Why?  Well one reason was real estate.  Remember the days were flipping houses was cool, chic and everyone could get in on it?  Fast forward a few years, and the “Z” has shifted.  Our nation, still reeling from the after-effects of the housing crash and having watched the creation of more public debt than can be paid by the generations currently alive, has found out the hard way that mortgage-backed securities weren’t the ‘magic beans’ we were promised.  We’re beginning to look back to how our grandparents (and their parents) lived.  Frugality, simplicity, family – all are now bubbling up to the top in many respects; blogs like “Pioneer Woman” are immensely popular.  The word ‘depression’ is used now by many to either describe the financial woes we face, or relate our struggles back to the Great Depression in hopes of unearthing the wisdom of prior generations in how to deal with these hardships.  Reed used a striking picture comparison to drive this point home:

It’s no accident!  Ralph Lauren’s Spring 2010 fashion show is actually called “The Grapes of Wrath”.

Reed also made some salient observations about the show “Friends”.  “Friends” connected so well with so many people because of empathy.  “For the first time in the modern age, our friends are our family” he stated (paraphrased!).  Anyone who watched the show could either say that they related to the close family-like bond between friends, or they longed to experience the same sense of family and connection.  Reed even proposed that “Zeitgeist + Empathy = Popularity”.

It’s the idea of empathy that truly intrigued me.  Reed, having been involved in Contemporary Christian music industry circles for decades, made what I believe was his greatest point that night: one of the biggest failures in Christian media is a very heavy emphasis on earnestness instead of empathy.  “Earnestness asks ‘How can I get my message across?’  Empathy asks ‘How can I help my listener find themselves in my story?’”

Earnestness and passion aren’t necessarily bad – but empathy is what connects people.  It destroys the impersonal ‘caricatures’ that we often impose on each other.  It helps a Christian understand that it’s ok to show weakness or to appear as if they don’t have all the answers.  It stops us to listen, truly listen to someone else; it helps us get to know them as a real person.  It is the currency by which passion and earnestness can be exchanged without suspicion of motive.  What good is it for us to be earnest and passionate if we are not willing to genuinely celebrate and suffer with those in our lives?  If we’re not willing to listen, and only want one-sided conversations?

In his book “White Bears and Other Unwanted Thoughts”, Daniel Wenger discusses perhaps one of the most annoying, yet fascinating aspects of the human brain:  you cannot dwell on the reverse of an idea.  The simple illustration is one most of us have heard of – “don’t think about a polar bear”.  Immediately, what does the brain do?  Such a thought engages subconscious ‘monitoring’ processes that interrupt the conscious mind with the very thought you are trying to avoid.  This unfortunate mental reality has given birth to an army of psychologists seeking to help people to overcome obsessive behaviors and fears that are impacting their quality of life.  One could think of it as a modern neuroscience’s version of the Apostle Paul when he said “For the good that I will to do, I do not do; but the evil I will not to do, that I practice.”

In “Get Out of Your Own Way”, Robert Cooper touches on this painful reality as well. “Focus on what you do want”, he says.  “So direct your mind’s eye to the positive…what you think about is what you get.”  Again, I hear the words of Paul: “…whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy–meditate on these things.”

Cooper (and Paul for that matter) encourage us to set our minds on thoughts worth having.  They’re not telling us to live in denial of our weaknesses, but warning us that an unhealthy obsession with them will only make them worse.  This isn’t about ‘meaningless-mental-pep-rally-fluff’ either.  When it comes to the brain, whatever ever has the emphasis, gets the growth – so our thought habits have powerfully tangible effects on the course of our lives.  What fears, what areas of weakness acts as the bait to lure your thoughts down those dark & lonely roads?  When you take the bait, what consequences occur as a result?  For me, the fear of failure disguises itself all to easily as ‘perfectionism’.  How many times have I procrastinated, or even abandoned ideas altogether simply because I just knew the end result wouldn’t be as ‘perfect’ as I thought it could be.  I know that once I go down a particular path, I’ll find later that there were better paths to take.  And the more I tell myself to not be a perfectionist, the more I act like one!  Sound familiar?

In an earlier post, I described how too much information can overwhelm the brain’s ability to make different choices.  Ironic, since I most often try to overcome perfectionism by being “better informed”.  However, after reading about the concept of “decision tempo” (which the Marine Corps uses in teaching battlefield decision making"), I’ve decided that it’s time to execute on ideas – even if they aren’t perfect.  And instead of dwelling on how incomplete the ideas may be, I’m going to continue to probe them and seek “what’s next, what’s better, what’s more”….

In the book “Get Out of Your Own Way”, Dr. Robert Cooper explores the twists of turns of how the human brain operates – sometimes even getting in its own way.  In my reading today, I came across an interesting quote: “Neuroeconomics also show that people perceive their life symbolically, not just literally.”  That very idea is something I’ve felt, albeit under the surface, for a long time.  Symbols are powerful, life-changing, world-changing.  They become a vessel or an abstraction for complex ideas – boiling down what might take paragraphs or entire libraries to explain, into something accessible, something personal.  Think of some powerful images and what they say:

Defiance of tyranny. Conviction of purpose. The human spirit will not stay oppressed without a fight. I remember clearly seeing this image as a young man. I always wonder what happened to the man standing in defiance of the tanks – and would I be willing to do the same?

Hope, daring, sacrifice, honor, courage. In one painting the entire American Revolution hinges on the successful execution of this mission, and its brilliant commander so gracefully presented.

Very few images capture the horror and insanity of war like this one.  No amount of after-the-fact-explaining of context or reasoning can undo the initial impression of seeing this photo.  It screams about war’s brutality & the breakdown of normal order.

These pictures above represent the power that symbols have to affect what we believe about the world around us.  But what about ourselves?  What about inside us?  I think symbolism can be found in nearly every aspect of what we do.  Chivalrous acts (like holding a door for someone) are symbolic – providing a familiar context to express deference to someone, which is a sign of acknowledging their worth and importance.  There’s an unexpected flipside to that as well.  Showing deference to someone implies that you are restraining what might otherwise be your right.  This displays character, and esteems your own value as well.  How else can you sacrifice for someone (even in a small way) without first having something to sacrifice?

I think that sports are an ideal outlet for us to express the symbolic nature of our lives.  Nothing encapsulates the ‘hard-fought’ nature of our job, for example, like watching two great football teams slug it out on the field.  The violent struggle on the field takes on the nature of the hardships we face in life. The letdowns: your favorite QB throws across the body, over the middle of the field, ending in an interception – granting the opposing team what they need to win the game in overtime.  Who hasn’t had moments similar to this in life?!  Your goal is within reach and you either get cocky or careless – and you blow it.  That makes the moments like Tyree’s “Super Bowl helmet catch” all the more sweet.  While those kinds of moments in life might seem less frequent, many of us have had the incredible sensation of leaping up to grasp hold of a goal or dream, and then actually manage to use our heads and hang on to it as our opponent tries to pull us down….

What does simplicity look like?  I think, on one hand, when people say “I want to simplify my life” there’s a Norman Rockwell-esque idea of ‘simpler days’ & ‘taking time to smell the roses’.  Baked into that ideal somewhere is often the notion that ‘simpler’ means ‘easier’.  But does it really?  I guess it could depend on what “simplicity” looks like in your life. 

What is your simplicity?  Is it easy-crock-pot-meals-so-you-don’t-have-to-cook?  Or is it deliberately taking time to cook savory meals together with family, not watching the clock or worrying over what’s on TV?  Is it staying home on weeknights to avoid over-committing?  Or is it a simple dinner and board games at a good friend’s house?  To some people, simplifying might mean starting a garden in their back yard to grow some vegetables.  To the ‘clock-ruled-schedule-master’, such a thing might seem unthinkable – all the wasted time!  Can’t you just buy those things in a can?  Or better yet, frozen?  Yet it’s truly amazing how working with your hands – in a garden, on a car or some other hobby provides a deeper sense of rest and reward than simply ‘vegging out’ in front of TV.  It’s easy to think that after rush hour, work, rush hour, rushed dinner, rush the kids to bed, that we’ve nothing left in us to give to other pursuits.  There’s something to be said about working for our ‘entertainment’, though.  Studies have shown that hobbies that require more expertise are more satisfying.  They provide a sense of accomplishment, open up doors for new and deeper relationships and can provide a sense of purpose.  It takes time to cultivate, but we need the things that make us come alive – and when we find them, it’s amazing how hollow a substitute cheap entertainment becomes.

So how does that fit into ‘simplicity’?  Well, the longer I live, the more convinced I have become of two things.  First, simplicity is about choices and focus.  You may think it’s about less-clutter-in-the-house, but I’d argue two ways on that: Less clutter might be essential to help you focus on what really matters.  Great, so purge already!  But you will not always have the bandwidth to pursue the things you love and eliminate all of life’s clutter – and so you must bring yourself to focus in spite of distractions.  That involves choice. Second, ‘simpler’ doesn’t necessarily mean ‘easier’.  If your criteria for defining “simplicity” is based on “whatever makes like easier”, then you will miss out on true simplicity and satisfaction.

"Very often, people confuse simple with simplistic. The nuance is lost on most." Clement Mok

"Simplicity before understanding is simplistic; simplicity after understanding is simple." Edward De Bono

Recently I started reading “Get Out of Your Own Way”, by Dr. Robert K. Cooper.  While discussing some fascinating aspects of how the human brain operates, Cooper states the following:

“The writer Walker Percy once said that a tragedy of our modern life is that everything is interesting but nothing becomes deeply important.  One of the findings of the new field of neuroeconomics is that our brains easily get overwhelmed by too many ‘interesting’ choices, and we usually end up sticking with whatever we did before, uninspiring as that may be.”

Cooper’s book has both challenged some of my base assumptions as well as confirm some theories I’ve developed as I’ve aged.  One of those theories I’ve developed is that for us to find optimal growth in life – in whatever subject or passion that interests us – it’s vital that we guard the flow of information.  Like a pilot with his hand ready on the throttle, or an studio engineer with his finger on a fader, we need to remain engaged to increase or decrease the flow, and most importantly, block out distracting information.  A recent report (from the Global Information Industry Center, University of California, San Diego) says that the average U.S. household consumes 3.6 zettabytes annually (a zettabyte is one million million gigabytes).  In a world that esteems rationality above all other mental ‘senses’, it’s tempting to believe that if we simply had more data, we’d make that next breakthrough.

On the contrary, the more we understand about the brain, the more we see the importance of the delicate balance between knowledge, intuition and habit.  Cooper goes on to say:

“The more you know – or think you know – about something, the more blinded you can be to what’s actually happening.  This limitation has been called ‘educated incapacity’.”

The Marine Corps changed how decision-making was taught in the 1990s by moving from a very rational “classical checklist” approach to something called “decision tempo”.  If you have 70% of a solution and feel 70% confident, you move forward with a decision.  Often, these 70% solutions involve both the ‘processing of some facts’ along with ‘gut intuition’.  An expertly executed “70% solution” may succeed, which is far better than no decision or action at all.  Richard Farson (president of Western Behavioral Science Institute) said “the one quality that many of the best leaders agree separates them from the less successful rivals is confidence in their intuition.”

It’s an interesting dilemma for our day and age.  We have access to the largest amount of collective information in human history – information which is supposed to make life better, easier, more meaningful.  We live in an ‘empiricist’ culture – where rational analysis is believed to be the highest, most objective approach.  However, science shows that too much information overwhelms the brain, making it that much harder to make choices to change, excel and find true meaning and purpose in life.